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Urban development and environmental conservation are often perceived as conflicting goals; however, when integrated strategically, both can flourish. This article by Ms Minal Srinivasan, Managing Director of Kesari Infrabuild Private Limited, outlines key principles for harmonising growth with sustainability. It highlights the importance of green infrastructure, zoning, community involvement, and transit-oriented development. With responsible planning, cities can enhance biodiversity, climate resilience, and public well-being while accommodating urban expansion.
Urban development and conservation are frequently viewed as opposing forces-one representing expansion and infrastructure, the other symbolising restraint and preservation. Yet, according to Ms Minal Srinivasan, Managing Director of Kesari Infrabuild Private Limited, the focus should not be on whether cities should expand, but rather how they do so and whether that growth supports the long-term health of the environment and biodiversity. Advertisement
She explained that natural ecosystems are often the first to suffer amid urban growth, as forests are divided by highways, marshes are developed for housing, and habitats shrink-resulting in a loss of biodiversity. This uncontrolled expansion carries significant consequences, including heightened air and water pollution, intensified urban heat islands, and a weakened capacity to manage climate change. Ms Srinivasan emphasised that aligning urban development with conservation is not just ideal but essential for sustainable living.
A major solution lies in embedding green infrastructure into city planning. Urban forests, green roofs, parks, and bioswales are not only aesthetically beneficial but also crucial in filtering pollutants and supporting wildlife. Citing cities like Singapore and Curitiba in Brazil, she pointed out that such investments contribute to better public health, improved climate resilience, and stronger biodiversity.
Ms Srinivasan also highlighted the role of ecological zoning and environmental buffers. She stressed the need for planners to proactively map and safeguard sensitive ecological zones like wetlands, mangroves, riverbanks, and woodlands. Establishing 'no-build' areas helps preserve these ecosystems, with cities that maintain natural water bodies often proving more resilient during extreme weather events.
Another sustainable approach she recommended is transit-oriented development (TOD), which concentrates development near public transport hubs to minimise reliance on personal vehicles. This leads to compact, walkable communities that conserve land and promote healthier lifestyles.
Community involvement, she noted, is crucial in reinforcing the balance between development and conservation. Initiatives such as urban gardening, tree-planting drives, and local conservation efforts foster environmental stewardship and empower citizens to protect their surroundings.
Lastly, she advocated for using technology and data-such as remote sensing, GIS mapping, and environmental impact assessments-to guide eco-conscious planning. For instance, understanding migratory bird paths before approving high-rise construction or monitoring groundwater levels to avoid overuse.
With careful design, ecological zoning, smart transit strategies, technological tools, and engaged communities, urban growth can support rather than harm the environment. The future of sustainable cities lies in building environments where humans and ecosystems can co-exist. Responsible planning ensures that urban development enhances rather than diminishes the natural world.
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